For centuries, barbers were much more than hairdressers—they also served as surgeons, performing minor operations, bloodletting, and even dental extractions. In medieval England, barber-surgeons would showcase vessels filled with blood in their shop windows as proof of their skills. However, in the early 14th century, public complaints about the unpleasant sight and smell led to these displays being banned.

The Evolution of the Barber’s Pole

By the 14th century, the barbering profession had split into two distinct paths: surgery and hairdressing. This divergence influenced the design of the barber pole. The red stripes symbolized surgery and bloodletting, while blue stripes represented hairdressing. White stripes indicated the clean bandages used during procedures.

The pole’s iconic spiraling stripes are believed to mimic twisted bandages used during bloodletting. After performing these procedures, barbers would hang bloodstained bandages outside to dry. The wind would twist them into a spiral shape, creating a visual representation that became synonymous with their craft.

The American Influence

When the barber pole made its way to the United States, the traditional red and white design was enhanced with blue stripes as a nod to the American flag. This tricolor scheme became a hallmark of American barbershops, instilling pride and heritage in the profession.

The Symbolism and Functionality of the Pole

The barber’s pole is not only a historical symbol but also a functional element. Its spiral design suggests an infinite loop, symbolizing the continuous availability of barber services. Some modern poles even include motorized spirals for a dynamic effect, while a light at the top indicates whether the shop is open or closed.

Historically, the pole resembles a rod that patients would grip during bloodletting to make their veins more prominent—linking its design directly to its surgical roots.

A Tradition That Endures

Despite the transformation of the barbering profession and advancements in grooming, the barber’s pole remains an enduring symbol of barbershops around the world. Its design and colors are steeped in history, representing a legacy of grooming, surgery, and craftsmanship.

Whether for a simple haircut or a full grooming experience, the barber’s pole continues to stand as a mark of quality and tradition in the world of men’s grooming.